A test to determine eligibility for government benefits based on an individual’s lack of means, as measured by income and/or assets. Under current Medicaid eligibility guidelines, means-testing may differ for different eligibility groups. The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 introduced a form of means-testing in Medicare, which now sets higher premiums for higher-income seniors and provides more generous drug benefits to lower-income beneficiaries.